Combined resuscitator and inhalator apparatus

ABSTRACT

Oxygen is supplied to a face mask through a normally closed control valve within a multiple valve body coupled to the face mask. The control valve is opened in response to pivoting of a lever which also controls the closing of a port for exhausting exhaled air received from the mask. In one embodiment, the lever carries a closure member for the port, and in another embodiment, the closure member operates in response to the pressure of the oxygen within the valve body. Regulating means are provided for precisely positioning the actuating lever to produce a continuous predetermined low flow rate of oxygen into the valve body during inhalation. The valve body also supports adjustable valves for selecting the maximum flow rate and pressure of the oxygen during resuscitation.

United States Patent 1191 Isaacson et al. Apr. 1, 1975 54] COMBINEDRESUSCITATOR AND 3,078,846 2/1963 Novelli 128/1422 INHALATOR APPARATUS3,566,866 3/1971 Adams 128/1458 [75] Inventors: Max lsaacson; BenjaminSmilg, both Primary Examiner Richard Gaudet of Dayton Ohto AssistantExaminerl-lenry J. Recla [73] Assignee: Globe Safety Products, Inc.,Dayton, Agent, Firm-13cm & Meckstroth Ohio [57] ABSTRACT [22] Flled'Sept' 1973 Oxygen is supplied to a face mask through a normally 1 1 ppN04 394,744 closed control valve within a multiple valve body coupled tothe face mask. The control valve is opened in 52 U.S. c1 128/145.8128/146.4 128/210 response Ptvetthg et a lever Whteh eehtteh the 137/102closing of a port for exhausting exhaled air received 51 Int. Cl A62b7/00 them the ht ehe emhedhheht: the lever tries [58] Field of Searchl28/l45.8 142.3 142.2 closure member the pert and ahethet ethhedt'128/185 210 211 203 188 l37/102 ment, the closure member operates 1nresponse to the pressure of the oxygen within the valve body. Regulat-[56] References Cited ing meanslare provideddfor precisely positionindgthe actuatlng ever to pro uce a contmuous pre eter- UNITED STATESPATENTS mined low flow rate of oxygen into the valve body l,835,l57l2/l93l Heidbrink during inhalation The valve also supports adjustt'848'232 3/t932 SwoPe able valves for selecting the maximum flow rateand pressure of the oxygen during resuscitation.

2,990,838 7/1961 Cross 128/1455 13 Claims, 10 Drawing Figures DATENTEBAP3.874378 SHEET 2 2 1 l COMBINED RESUSCITATOR AND INHALATOR APPARATUSBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In a resuscitator for supplying oxygen to apatient or victim through a face mask, it is desirable for theresuscitator body to incorporate manually actuated control means forsupplying 100 percent oxygen to the mask at a predetermined flow ratefor forcing oxygen into the lungs of the victim. It is also desirablefor the resuscitator to incorporate means for limiting the pressurizedoxygen within the body and mask to a predetermined maximum level, forexample, a pressure of approximately 50 centimeters of water for adultsor 40 centimeters of water for children. Furthermore, the resuscitatorshould be simple and dependable in construction and convenient tooperate so that the supply of oxygen can be immediately stopped, and theface mask vented to atmosphere to permit free exhausting of the airexhaled from the patient into the face mask.

In addition to means for forcing a supply of oxygen into a victims lungsfor resuscitation when he cannot inhale, it is desirable for thebreathing system or apparatus to provide for the case when the victimcan inhale. This is accomplished by supplying a continuous flow ofoxygen to the face mask so that the victim can inhale the suppliedoxygen with practically no effort and yet can exhale with ease. Theoxygen is frequently desirable in giving first aid to persons overcomefrom inhaling chemical asphyxiants such as carbon monoxide and hydrogensulfide or in supplying oxygen to persons suffering from heart failure,severe burns, drug intoxication, shock and the like. It is alsosometimes desirable for the breathing apparatus to provide means formixing air with the oxygen and for controlling or regulating the ratioof oxygen and air being inhaled by the victim.

.One form of resuscitator is disclosed in US. Pat. No. 3,717,147, andthe components for another form of resuscitator are shown in US. Pat.No. 2,988,085 and No. 3,435,839. In addition, other resuscitators orinhalators have been either constructed or proposed, but none of thesystems provide all of the desirable features mentioned above.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to animproved resuscitator and inhalator device or apparatus which providesall of the desirable features mentioned above and, in addition, issimple, dependable and economical in construction and assembly. Inaccordance with one embodiment of the invention, a multiple valve bodyincludes a tubular outlet portion which is adapted to be coupled to aface mask, and also includes an inlet portion for receiving a hoseconnected to a supply of pressurized oxygen. The valve body encloses aninlet control valve-member which is urged to a normally closed positionby a manually actuating spring biased lever pivotally supported by thevalve body. The control valve supplies oxygen through a chamber to theface mask, and the chamber is provided an exhalation port adapted to beclosed by a closure or valve member carried by the actuating lever. Aregulating dial is eccentrically supported by the valve body andprovides an adjustable stop which limits the movement of the lever. Thispositions the control valve so that it is slightly opened for supplyinga continuous flow of oxygen for inhalation by the victim.

In another embodiment of the invention, the closure of the exhalationport is automatically controlled by a sliding valve member which isspring biased to a normally open position and moves toward a closedposition in response to the pressure of the oxygen flow produced byopening of the control when the actuating lever is operated. Themovement of the sliding valve member may be calibrated for indicatingthe ratio of oxygen and air supplied to the victim for inhalation. Alsothe spring acting on the sliding valve member can be pre-adjusted toserve in conjunction with the sliding valve member as a relief valvewhen the pressure applied to the victim reaches approximatelycentimeters of water.

Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from thefollowing description, the accompanying drawing and the appended claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIG. 1 has a perspective view of acombined resuscitator and inhalator apparatus constructed in accordancewith the invention;

FIG. 2 is an elevational view of the oxygen supply control unit shown inthe apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a section of the control unit, taken generally on the line 33of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the control unit shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken generally on the line5-5 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a section similar to FIG. 3 and showing another embodiment ofan oxygen supply control unit constructed in accordance with theinvention;

FIG. 7 is a fragmentary section similar to FIG. 3 and showing a furthermodification;

FIG. 8 is a fragmentary section showing another embodiment of theinvention; and

FIGS. 9 and 10 are views similar to FIGS. 3 and 4 and showing anothermodification of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The combinedresuscitator-inhalator apparatus shown in FIG. 1, includes a generallyL-shaped multiple valve body 10 which is preferably cast of metal andincludes a projecting inlet portion 11. The valve body 10 receives asupply of oxygen from a pressurized supply source or tank (not shown)through a flexible conduit 12 which connects the tank to an opening orinlet 14 (FIG. 3) extending into one side of the inlet portion 11 of thevalve body 10. The valve body 10 also includes a generally cylindricaloutlet portion 18 which defines a discharge opening or outlet 19 and isadapted to receive a mating annular portion of a face mask 20.

The valve body 10 defines a cylindrical bore or chamber 22 which isconnected by a passage 23 to the inlet 14. A conventional plunger-typevalve unit or assembly 25, for example, the model MJVO-2-C valvemanufactured by Clippard Instrument Labratory, Inc. Cincinnati, Ohio,extends into the chamber 22 and is retained by a pair of surroundingO-rings 26 and an annular retaining plate 27. The valve assembly 25includes an axially movable spool-like valve member 28 which controlsthe flow of oxygen from the inlet 14 through a passage or port 29connected to a cylindrical iamber 30 formed within the body 10. Thevalve asmbly 25 is normally closed when the valve member 3 is urgedinwardly towards the passage 23.

A circular opening or port 32 is formed within a side all of the valvebody 10 and extends from the cham- :r 30 to an annular projecting valveseat 33 surroundg the opening 32. A tubular filter support member 34retained within the discharge end of the chamber 30 1 a set screw 36which projects inwardly into a cirlmferential groove formed within themember 34. A rcular mesh-type filter screen 38 is secured to the ember34 and serves to protect the chamber 30, pasge 29 and valve assembly 25from receiving foreign irticles.

The valve assembly 25 is operated by an actuating ver 40 which has aslight angular configuration and cludes a gripping portion 41. Theactuating lever 40 positioned within a U-shaped flange portion 42 of theidy l and is pivotally supported by a cross pin 44 .IICh extends throughaligned holes within the flange )rtion 42 and within inwardly projectingears 46 formg part of the actuating lever. A U-shaped spring 48 tendsaround the pivot pin 44 and is confined be- 'een the body 10 and theactuating lever 40 so that a unded integral projection 49 on theactuating lever l, urges the valve member 28 inwardly to effect noralclosing of the valve assembly 25. The gripping por- )n 41 of theactuating lever 40 carries a resilient cirllar valve member 52 which isadapted to engage the inular seat 33 and close the port 32 when thelever irtion 41 is pressed inwardly against the bias of the ring 48 in adirection as indicated by the arrow in G. 3.

A circular disc or dial 55 (FIG. 3) is rotatably suprted by aneccentrically located screw 56 which is readed into the valve body 10 onthe end opposite the itlet 19. The dial 55 has calibrations 57 and formsan ljustable stop against movement of the actuating lever I by thespring 48. The dial 55 is positioned under the ljacent end portion ofthe lever 40, and the function the dial 55 will be explained later.

Another opening or hole 58 (FIGS. 3 and is rmed within the valve bodyand connects the lamber 30 with a pressure relief valve assembly 60. 1evalve assembly 60 includes a tubular casing 62 wing a reduced endportion which projects into a ,unterbore 63 formed within the body 10around the )ening 58. A valve seat 66 is confined within the iunterbore63 and is normally engaged by a generally 'lindrical valve member 68which is loosely supported .th the casing 62. A compression spring 69extends :tween the valve member 68 and a generally cylindri- .1 memberor fitting 72 which receives a cross pin 73. 5 shown in FIGS. 2 and 4,the cross pin 73 projects ltwardly into a set of diametrically opposedslots 74 viich are formed within the casing 62 and connect .th anotherset of slightly deeper slots 76. The outer 1d of the casing 62 is closedby a threaded plug 78, as own in FIG. 5. The resuscitator-inhalatorapparatus shown in FIGS. -5, operates in the followingmanner. When it isdeed to use the apparatus as a resuscitator and to force )0 percentoxygen into the lungs of the victim being suscitated, the face mask isplaced over the mouth id nose of the victim, and the gripping portion 41of e actuating lever 40 is depressed sothat the valve unit i is opened,and the opening 32 is closed by the resilient valve member 52. Thediameter of the passage 29 is selected so that the maximum flow rate ofoxygen from the inlet 14 and into the chamber 30 and face mask 20 doesnot exceed a predetermined limit, for example, 150 liters per minute fora predetermined setting of a pressure such as 50 p.s.i. After the chestof the victim is expanded, the lever 40 is released so that it returnsto its normal position (FIG. 3) under the bias of the spring 48, therebyclosing the valve assembly 25 and opening the port 32. The oxygenpreviously forced into the victims lungs is now caused to exhaust toatmosphere through the outlet 19, chamber 30 and port 32.

In the event the actuating lever 40 is depressed for a time period whichpermits a build-upof pressure within the face mask 20 and the lungs ofthe patient to a predetermined maximum level, for exampole, a pressureof 50 centimeters of water for an adult, the valve member 68 (FIG. 5) ofthe pressure valve assembly 60, will move against the spring 69 and awayfrom the seat 66 to open the port 58 and thereby release the pressurewithin the chamber 30. If the victim being treated is a child, thefitting 72 is positioned so that the cross pin 73 extends within the setof slots 76, thereby reducing member 68. Thus, when the pressure of theoxygen within the chamber 30 reaches a lower maximum lever,

for example, a pressure of 40 centimeters of water, the excess oxygenwill be released by movement of the valve member 68 away from the valveseat 66.

When it is desired to use the device or apparatus shown in FIGS. 1-5 forinhalation to provide a continuous flow rate of oxygen to the victim sothat he can inhale a suitable air-oxygen mixture, the dial 55 is rotatedto a position corresponding to the desired partial flow rate, asindicated by the calibrations 57 on the dial 55. For example, if it isdesired to supply a continuous flow of oxygen to the patient at a flowrate of 15 liters per minute, the dial 55 is rotated to an indication of15. The dial 55 then forms a stop for the overlying end portion of theactuating lever 40 and maintains the valve assembly 25 in a fixedpartially open position to provide the desired flow rate. Since the port32 remains open, surrounding air is free to flow inwardly through theport 32 and blend with the oxygen within the chamber 30 when the victiminhales. The open port 32 also provides for exhausting the air exhaledby the patient into the face mask 20.

Referring to FIG. 6 which shows another embodiment of theresuscitator-inhalator apparatus constructed in accordance with theinvention, a multiple valve body 10' is constructed similar to the valvebody ient O-ring 89. The valve 86 is supported for axial.

movement by an annular bushing 92 which closes the outer end of thechamber 22 and supports a resilient O-ring 93 forming a fluid-type sealaround the valve member 86. The body 10' also supports an adjustableneedle valve member 95 which controls the flow of oxygen from the inlet14 through the passage 23 and provides for adjustably limiting themaximum flow rate for resuscitation, for example, 150 liters per minutefor adults and 100 liters per minute for children.

Instead of the larger single port 32 which is formed within the body 10,the body is provided with a series of four angularly spaced ports 96which extend outwardly from the cylindrical chamber 30'. A cylindricalvalve member 98 is slidably supported within the chamber 30 and includesan inner radial wall which has a set.

of holes or ports 99. The valve member 98 is movable between an openposition (FIG. 6) wherein the chamber 30' is opened to atmospherethrough the ports 96, and a closed position .wherein the valve member 98closes the ports 96. A compression spring 102 extends between the valvemember 98 and a tubular'fitting 104 which is retained within the outerend portion of the chamber 30' by an externally threaded adjustment ring106. A pair of diametrically opposed ports 108 are formed within thefitting 104 and extend to a circumferential groove 109 which is in fluidcommunication with a corresponding pressure relief port 58, as shown inFIGS. 3 and 5. V

The valve member 98 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, has the samefunction as the valve member 52 shown in the embodiment of FIGS. 1-5,except that the valve member 98 operates automatically in response tothe pressure of the oxygen within the chamber 22'. That is, when thegripping portion 41' of the actuating lever 40', is fully depressed, thevalve member 86 moves to its fully opened position so that the maximumflow rate of oxygen flows through the passage 29. The pressure of theoxygen against the valve member 98, is effective to move the valvemember against the bias of the spring 102, to a position closing theports 96. Thus, the full flow rate of oxygen passes through the ports 99within the valve member 98 and to the face mask to provide forcedresuscitation of the patient.

When the valve member 86 is moved to its closed position by releasingthe actuating lever 40, the spring 102 returns the valve member 98 toits normally open position (FIG. 6) so that the air exhaled from thepatient is exhausted through the tubular fitting 104 and the ports 96.When the valve member 86 is partially opened by slight pivoting ordepression of the actuating lever 40, the valve member 98 automaticallymoves to a position partially closing the ports 96. This feature isdesirable during inhalation when it is desired to supply the patientwith a continuous supply of oxygen which mixes with air inhaled throughthe ports 96. By calibrating the dial S5 for a given oxygen inletpressure, the lever 40. may be selectively positioned in an infiniterange of inhalation positions so that the air-oxygen mixture inhaled bythe victim can be adjusted to desired values.

FIG. 7 shows a modification of theresuscitatorinhalator apparatus shownin FIGS. 1-5 and which is particularly suited for use in a surroundingtoxic atmosphere such as air containing substantial smoke or chemicalvapors. In this modification, the exhaust port 32 for exhaled air, isnormally closed by a check valve assembly 115. This valve assemblyincludes a spidertype circular bracket 116 which is formed of sheetmetal and has a series of peripherally spaced holes 117. The bracket116is rigidly secured to the valve body 10 adjacent the outer end of theport 32 by a suitable ce-- ment or solder.

The holes 117 within the bracket 116 are normally covered by a flexibleresilient circular valve member l 18 which has a center portionconnected to the underlying bracket 116 by an adjustable bolt 119. Thevalve member 118 is preferably die cut from sheet rubber material, andthe peripheral portion of the valve member functions as a flapper valvemember so that it opens in response to a low exhalation pressure withinthe chamber 30 such as, for example, a pressure 0.5 centimeters ofwater. Thus when exhaled gases are received during exhalation within thechamber 30 from the mask 20, the gases can escape through the port 32and past the check valve assembly with little exhalation effort by thevictim. However, during inhalation of the oxygen supplied ,to thechamber 30 and the face mask 20, the check valve assembly 115 assuresthat the contaminated atmosphere will not enter the chamber 30 throughthe port 32. During forced resuscitation, the valve member 118 is heldin its normally closed position by engagement of the valve member 52 onthe lever 40.

Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, in place of the check valve 115 forpreventing the surrounding air or gas from flowing inwardly through theport 32 and into the valve body chamber 30 during inhalation, theexhaust port 32 may be normally closed by acheck valve system 125.According to this modification, the exhaust port 32 is normally closedby a circular disc-like rigid valve member 126 which is urged againstthe annular seat 33 by a compression spring 127 having one end engagingthe center portion of the valve member 126. The opposite end of thecompression spring 127 is retained by a nut-like collar 129 threaded ona thumb screw 130. The screw 130 is axially aligned with the exhaustport 32 and is rotatably supported by a U-shaped bracket 132 secured tothe valve body 10.

An indicating pointer 134 (FIG. 10) projects outwardly from the collar129 through a slot within the bracket 32 and is positioned adjacent agraduated scale 136 secured to the bracket 132. The scale 136 iscalibrated to show the pressure required to open the valve member 126,and this pressure may be conveniently adjusted by rotation of the screw130 for controlling the resistance to gases exhaledl by the patient.When it is desired to provide forced resuscitation, the lever 40 isfully depressed, and the projection or valve member 138 on the lever 40engages the valve member 126 and prevents opening of the exhaust port 32until the lever 40 is released.

Referring to FIG. 8 which shows another embodiment of aresuscitator-inhalator apparatus or valve assembly constructed inaccordance with the invention, a valve body is constructed similar tothe valve body 10 but without an exhaust port 32 for exhaled air. Thevalve body 150 includes an inlet portion 151 having an inlet opening 154which is adapted to receive the flexible oxygen supply line 12. Theinlet opening 154 supplies oxygen to a passage 156 which extends to theinner end of a counterbored, valve chamber 158. A control valve unit 160includes a tubular valve body or bushing 162 which is threaded into thebore 158, and controls the supply of oxygen from the supply passage 156through a port or passage 164 to one end of a cylindrical chamber 165.The passage 164 and the chamber 165 correspond to the passage 29 andchamber 30, respectively, of the valve body 10. in the embodiment shownin FIGS. 1-5.

The control valve unit 1611 functions in the same manner as the controlvalve unit or assembly 25, but

also functions to provide an exhaust of exhaled air received within thechamber 165. The valve unit 160 also includes a valve member 168 havingan outer end surface which is engaged by the actuating lever 40 (notshown in FIG. 8) in the same manner as the lever 40 engages the outerend of the valve member 28 shown in FIG. 3. The valve member 168includes a reduced cylindrical portion 171 which is slidably supportedfor axial movement within the tubular bushing 162 and defines an axiallyextending exhaust passage 172. The passage 172 intersects an outerradially extending ex haust passage 173 and an inner radially extendingexhaust passage 176. The reduced portion 171 of the valve member 168,also includes an axially extending small bore 178 which intersects aradially extending passage 179 having a diameter substantially smallerthan the diameter of the adjacent exhaust passage 176. The bushing 162is provided with a cross-bore or passage 181 which is normally closedwhen the valve member 168 is depressed inwardly by the spring-biasedlever 40.

When it is desired to have forced resuscitation with the embodimentshown in FIG. 8, the lever 40 (not shown) is fully depressed so that thevalve member 168 moves or shifts to an outer position (not shown) wherethe exhaust passage 176 is closed by the outer portion of the bushing162. In this position of the valve member 168, oxygen is free to flowfrom the passage 156 through the passages 181 and 164 into the chamber165 connected to the face mask 20. After the victim has received asufficient charge of oxygen to expand his lungs, the lever 40 isreleased, and the valve member 168 returns to its normally closed innerposition (not shown) with the inner end portion of the valve member 168closing the passage 181, within the bushing 162. As the patient exhalesair, the air exhausts outwardly through the passages 176, 172 and 173within the valve member 168.

The passage 172 is normally closed by a check valve 185 which includes aball 186 urged into the outer end i of the passage'l72 by a lightcompression spring 188 retained within the valve member 168 by anadjustable threaded plug 189. The check valve 185 functions in the samemanner as the check valve 115 described in connection with theembodiment shown in FIG. 7 or the check valve 125 described inconnection with the modification shown in FIG. 9. That is, the checkvalve ball 186 is adapted to open during exhalation in response to arelatively light pressure within the passage 172, for example, apressure of 0.5 centimeters of water. However, the check valve 185serves to prevent the surrounding atmosphere from entering thechamber165 during inhalation.

When it is desired to provide a continuous supply of oxygen at arelatively low flow rate during inhalation, the valve member 168 ispositioned as shown in FIG. 8 so that a low flow of oxygen iscontinuously supplied through the passage 179 and into the chamber 165.However, when the patient is exhaling, the oxygen and the exhaled airescape through the passages 176, 172 and 173 and past the check valve185.

From the drawing and the above description, it is apparent thatresuscitator-inhalator apparatus constructed in accordance with thepresent invention, provides desirable features and advantages. Forexample, each of the embodiments provides for supplying the patient witha full flow of 100 percent oxygen to effect resuscitation or acontinuous low flow of oxygen during inhalation. The continuous low flowof oxygen can be conveniently selected merely by adjusting the positionof the dial 55 or 55. In addition, the pressure relief valve assembly 60provides for conveniently selecting the maximum pressure build-up withinthe face mask 20 during forced resuscitation, and the needle valvemember provides for conveniently selecting the maximum flow rate forresuscitation, according to whether the patient is an adult or a child.

Another feature is provided by the automatic operation or movement ofthe valve member 98 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 in response topivoting of the actuating lever 40. By adjusting the threaded ring 106and the pressure exerted by the spring 102 on the valve member 98, thedial 55' may be calibrated to position or stop the actuating lever 40according to the desired ratio of oxygen and air during inhalation. Inaddition, the embodiments shown in FIGS. 7-10, each provides forpreventing surrounding atmosphere from entering the oxygen supplychamber 30 or 165 so that the patient is assured of only receivingpercent oxygen. Furthermore, the simplicity of construction and assemblyof the apparatus, provides for a dependable and substantiallymaintenance-free operation and simplifies the use of the apparatus.

While the forms of apparatus herein described constitute preferredembodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that the inventionis not limited to these precise forms of apparatus, and that changes maybe made therein without departing from the scope and spirit of theinvention as defined in the appended claims.

The invention having thus been described, the following is claimed:

I. In apparatus for supplying compressed oxygen to a face mask andincluding a valve body defining a chamber, means defining an inletwithin said body for directing a supply of compressed oxygen into saidchamber, means defining an outlet within said body for connecting saidchamber to the face mask, a control valve associated with said inlet forcontrolling the flow of oxygen into said chamber and including a movablevalve member, an actuating lever pivotally supported by said body formanual movement from a closed position to an open position for movingsaid valve member from a closed position to an open position to providea full flow rate of oxygen to said mask during resuscitation, springmeans for urging said lever in a direction towards said closed position,means defining an exhaust port for said chamber to provide for an escapeof exhaled air received from the mask, and a closure member supportedfor movement between an open position and a closed position relative tosaid exhaust port in response to movement of said lever, the improvementcomprising means for retaining said lever in an intermedite position tolocate said valve member in a partially open position for supplying acontinuous partial flow rate of oxygen to said face mask duringinhalation, and said closure member is effective to move to said openposition for opening said exhaust port when said lever is located ineither of said intermediate or closed positions to provide forsubstantially unrestricted exhalation through said port during bothinhalation and resuscitation.

2. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said lever is pivotallysupported by means connected to said valve body between said exhaustport and said control valve, and said actuating lever includes a handengaging portion which carries said closure member.

3. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said member is retained insaid closed position by a pressure corresponding to the manual pressureapplied to said actuating lever to provide for a positive closure ofsaid port.

4. Appartus as defined in claim 1 wherein said valve body includesintegrally connected first and second portions disposed to form anL-shaped configuration, said inlet is disposed within said first portionand said outlet is disposed within said second portion, and means forattaching said face mask to said second portion adjacent said outlet.

5. Apparatus defined in claim 4 wherein said exhaust port is disposedwithin said second portion, and said actuating lever extends generallyparallel to said second portion.

6. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said port also provides fordirecting surrounding air into said chamber during inhalation for mixingwith the oxygen, and said retaining means comprise adjustable stop meansfor positioning said lever.

7. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said port also provides forreceiving surrounding air into said chamber for mixing with the oxygenduring inhalation, regulating valve means associated with said inlet forcontrolling the maximum flow rate of oxygen into said chamber when saidcontrol valve is fully opened, and said retaining means provide foradjustably controlling the flow rate of air through said port forselecting a predetermined ratio of oxygen and air to be supplied to themask during inhaling.

8. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said control valve isnormally closed in response to pressure exerted by said actuating lever,and spring means engaging said lever and disposed for urging said leverin a direction to effect closing of said control valve.

9. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 including means on said body forsupporting said actuating lever for pivotal movement on an axis locatedbetween said control valve and said exhaust port to provide for closingsaid port in response to opening of said control valve by pivoting ofsaid actuating lever.

10. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said re taining meanscomprise an adjustable stop member mounted on said body for limiting thepivotal movement of said actuating lever to provide for selecting apredetermined flow rate of oxygen through said control valve and intosaid chamber and the face mask.

11. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said closure membercomprises a second valve disposed for sliding movement within saidchamber, spring means for urging said second valve member in a directionto open said port, and said second valve member being movable towards aposition closing said port in response to a predetermined pressure ofoxygen within said chamber.

12. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 including a pressure responsivecheck valve within said valve member of said control valve.

13. In apparatus for supplying compressed oxygen to a face mask andincluding a valve body defining a chamber, means defining an inletwithin said body for directing a supply of compressed oxygen into saidchamber, means defining an outlet within said body for connecting saidchamber to the face mask, a control valve associated with said inlet forcontrolling the flow of oxygen into said chamber and including a movablevalve member, an actuating lever pivotally supported by said body formanual movement from a closed position to an open position for movingsaid valve member from a closed position to an open position to providea full flow rate of oxygen to said mask during resuscitation, springmeans for urging said lever in a direction towards said closed position,means defining an exhaust port for said chamber to provide for an escapeof exhaled air received from the mask, and a closure member supportedfor movement between an open position and a closed position relative tosaid exhaust port in response to movement of said lever, the improvementcomprising adjustable stop means for retaining said lever in anintermediate position to locate said valve member in a partially openposition for supplying a continuous partial flow rate of oxygen to saidface mask during inhalation, said closure member is carried by saidactuating lever, and said closure member is effective to move to saidopen position for opening said exhaust port when said, lever is locatedin either of said intermediate or closed positions to provide forsubstantially unrestricted exhalation through said port during bothinhalation and resuscitation.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Page 1 of 2 CERHHCATE OF CORRECTION PatentNo. 3,874,578 Dated April 1, 1975 Inventor) Max Isaacson and BenjaminSmilg It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patentand that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Column 2, line 8, after "control" insert Valve Column 6, line 37, "32"should read 132 0 Column 9, claim 3, line 4, after "said" insert closureColumns 3 and 4, should appear as shown on the attached sheet.

Signed and fiealecl this- G thirtieth D f March 1976 [SEAL] Attest:

RUTH c. MASON c. MARSHALL DANN Arlesling Officer Commissioner of Parentsand Trademarks chamber 30 formed within the body 10. The valve assembly25 is normally closed when the valve member 28 is urged inwardly towardsthe passage 23.

A circular opening or port 32 is formed within a side wall of the valvebody It) and extends from the chamber 30 to an annular projecting valveseat 33 surrounding the opening 32. A tubular filter support member 34is retained within the discharge end of the chamber 30 by a set screw 36which projects inwardly into a cir cumferential groove formed within themember 34. A circular mesh-type filter screen 38 is secured to themember 34 and serves to protect the chamber 30, passage 2) and valveassembly 25 from receiving foreign particles.

The valve assembly 25 is operated by an actuating lever 40 which has aslight angular configuration and includes a gripping portion 41. Theactuating lever 40 is positioned within a U-shaped flange portion 42 ofthe body 10 and is pivotally supported by a cross pin 44 which extendsthrough aligned holes within the flange portion 42 and within inwardlyprojecting ears 46 form-. ing part of the actuating leverv A U-shapedspring 48, extends around the pivot pin 44 and is confined between thebody 10 and the actuating lever 40 so that a rounded integral projection49 on the actuating lever 40, urges the valve member 28 inwardly toeffect normal closing of the valve assembly 25. The gripping portion 41of the actuating lever 40 carries a resilient cir-f cular valve member52 which is adapted to engage the annular seat 33 and close the port 32when the lever portion 41 is pressed inwardly against the bias of thespring 48 in a direction as indicated by the arrow in H6. 3. t

A circular disc or dial 55 (FIG. 3) is rotatably Sup- Another opening orhole 58 (H65. 3 and is formed within the valve body and connects thechamber 30 with a pressure relief valve assembly 60. The valve assembly60 includes a tubular casing 62 having a reduced end portion whichprojects into a counterbore 63 formed within the body 10 around theopening 58. A valve seat 66 is confined within the counterbore 63 and isnormally engaged by a generally cylindrical valve member 68 which isloosely supported with the casing 62. A compression spring 69 extendsbetween the valve member 68 and a generally cylindrical member orfitting 72 which receives a cross pin 73. As shown in FlGS. 2 and 4, thecross pin 73 projects outwardly into a set of diametrically opposedslots 74 which are formed within the casing 62 and connect with anotherset of slightly deeper slots 76. The outer end ofthe casing 62 is closedby a threaded plug 78, as shown in FIG. 5.

The resuscitator-inhalator apparatus shown in FIGS. 1-5, operates in thefollowing manner. When it is desired to use the apparatus as aresuscitator and to force 100 percent oxygen into the lungs of thevictim being resuscitatetl. the face mask is placed over the mouth andnose of the victim, and the gripping portion 41 of the actuating lever40 is depressed so that the valve unit is opened, and the opening 32 isclosed by the resil- 4 Page 2 of Z ient valve member 52. The diameter ofthe passage 29 is selected so that the maximum flow rate of oxygen fromthe inlet 14 and into the chamber and face mask 20 does not exceed apredetermined limit, for example, 150 liters per minute for apredetermined setting ofa pressure such as 50 psi. After the chest ofthe victim is expanded, the lever is released so that it returns to itsnormal position (FIG. 3) under the bias of the spring 48, therebyclosing the valve assembly 25 and opening the port 32. The oxygenpreviously forced into the victims lungs is now caused to exhaust toatmosphere through the outlet 19, chamber 30 and port 32.

In the event the actuating lever 40 is depressed for a time period whichpermits a buildup of pressure within the face mask 20 and the lungs ofthe patient to a predetermined maximum level, for exampole, a pressureof centimeters of water for an adult, the valve member 68 (FIG. 5) ofthe pressure relief valve assembly 60, will move against the spring 69and away from the seat 66 to open the port 58 and thereby release thepressure within the chamber 30. If the victim being treated is a child,the fitting 72 is positioned so that the cross pin 73 extends withintheset of slots 76, thereby reducing the pressure exerted by the spring69 on the valve member 68. Thus, when the pressure ofthe oxygen withinthe chamber 30 reaches a lower maximum lever, for example, a pressure of40 centimeters of water, the excess oxygen will be released by move mentof the valve member 68 away from the valve seat 66.

When it is desired to use the device or apparatus shown in FlGS. 1-5 forinhalation to provide a continuous flow rate of oxygen to the victim sothat he can inhale a suitable air-oxygen mixture, the dial is rotated toa position corresponding to the desired partial flow rate, as indicatedby the calibrations 57 on the dial 55. For example. if it is desired tosupply a continuous llow of oxygen to the patient at a flow rate of 15liters per minute, the dial 55 is rotated to an indication of 15. Thedial 55 then forms a stop for the overlying end portion of the actuatinglever 40 and maintains the valve assembly 25 in a fixed partially openposition to provide the desired flow rate. Since the port 32 remainsopen, surrounding air is free to flow inwardly through i the port 32 andblend with the oxygen within the chamber 30 when the victim inhales. Theopen port 32 also provides for exhausting the air exhaled by the patientinto the face mask 20.

Referring to FlG. 6 which shows another embodiment of theresuscitator-inhalator apparatus constructed in accordance with theinvention, a multiple valve body 10' is constructed similar to the valvebody 10 and supports similar components which are identifled bycorresponding reference numbers having a prime mark. In place of thevalve unit or assembly 25, the body 10' forms an annular valve seatwhere the passage 23' connects with the valve chamber 22 A pin-likevalve member 86 extends within the chamber 22' and includes a taperedinner tip portion 88 which normally engages the seat 85 to which issecured a resil- 5 ient O-ring S). The valve 86 is supported for axialmovement by an annular bushing 92 which closes the outer end of thechamber 22' and supports a resilient O-ring 93 forming a fluid-type sealaround the valve member 86. The body 10' also supports an adjustableneedle valve member 95 which controls the flow of oxygen from the inlet14' through the passage 23' and provides for adjustably limiting themaximum flow rate

1. In apparatus for supplying compressed oxygen to a face mask andincluding a valve body defining a chamber, means defining an inletwithin said body for directing a supply of compressed oxygen into saidchamber, means defining an outlet within said body for connecting saidchamber to the face mask, a control valve associated with said inlet forcontrolling the flow of oxygen into said chamber and including a movablevalve member, an actuating lever pivotally supported by said body formanual movement from a closed position to an open position for movingsaid valve member from a closed position to an open position to providea full flow rate of oxygen to said mask during resuscitatIon, springmeans for urging said lever in a direction towards said closed position,means defining an exhaust port for said chamber to provide for an escapeof exhaled air received from the mask, and a closure member supportedfor movement between an open position and a closed position relative tosaid exhaust port in response to movement of said lever, the improvementcomprising means for retaining said lever in an intermedite position tolocate said valve member in a partially open position for supplying acontinuous partial flow rate of oxygen to said face mask duringinhalation, and said closure member is effective to move to said openposition for opening said exhaust port when said lever is located ineither of said intermediate or closed positions to provide forsubstantially unrestricted exhalation through said port during bothinhalation and resuscitation.
 2. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 whereinsaid lever is pivotally supported by means connected to said valve bodybetween said exhaust port and said control valve, and said actuatinglever includes a hand engaging portion which carries said closuremember.
 3. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said member isretained in said closed position by a pressure corresponding to themanual pressure applied to said actuating lever to provide for apositive closure of said port.
 4. Appartus as defined in claim 1 whereinsaid valve body includes integrally connected first and second portionsdisposed to form an L-shaped configuration, said inlet is disposedwithin said first portion and said outlet is disposed within said secondportion, and means for attaching said face mask to said second portionadjacent said outlet.
 5. Apparatus as defined in claim 4 wherein saidexhaust port is disposed within said second portion, and said actuatinglever extends generally parallel to said second portion.
 6. Apparatus asdefined in claim 1 wherein said port also provides for directingsurrounding air into said chamber during inhalation for mixing with theoxygen, and said retaining means comprise adjustable stop means forpositioning said lever.
 7. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein saidport also provides for receiving surrounding air into said chamber formixing with the oxygen during inhalation, regulating valve meansassociated with said inlet for controlling the maximum flow rate ofoxygen into said chamber when said control valve is fully opened, andsaid retaining means provide for adjustably controlling the flow rate ofair through said port for selecting a predetermined ratio of oxygen andair to be supplied to the mask during inhaling.
 8. Apparatus as definedin claim 1 wherein said control valve is normally closed in response topressure exerted by said actuating lever, and spring means engaging saidlever and disposed for urging said lever in a direction to effectclosing of said control valve.
 9. Apparatus as defined in claim 1including means on said body for supporting said actuating lever forpivotal movement on an axis located between said control valve and saidexhaust port to provide for closing said port in response to opening ofsaid control valve by pivoting of said actuating lever.
 10. Apparatus asdefined in claim 1 wherein said retaining means comprise an adjustablestop member mounted on said body for limiting the pivotal movement ofsaid actuating lever to provide for selecting a predetermined flow rateof oxygen through said control valve and into said chamber and the facemask.
 11. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said closure membercomprises a second valve disposed for sliding movement within saidchamber, spring means for urging said second valve member in a directionto open said port, and said second valve member being movable towards aposition closing said port in response to a predetermined pressure ofoxygen within said chamber.
 12. Apparatus as defined in claim 1including a pressure responsive check valve within said valve member ofsaid control valve.
 13. In apparatus for supplying compressed oxygen toa face mask and including a valve body defining a chamber, meansdefining an inlet within said body for directing a supply of compressedoxygen into said chamber, means defining an outlet within said body forconnecting said chamber to the face mask, a control valve associatedwith said inlet for controlling the flow of oxygen into said chamber andincluding a movable valve member, an actuating lever pivotally supportedby said body for manual movement from a closed position to an openposition for moving said valve member from a closed position to an openposition to provide a full flow rate of oxygen to said mask duringresuscitation, spring means for urging said lever in a direction towardssaid closed position, means defining an exhaust port for said chamber toprovide for an escape of exhaled air received from the mask, and aclosure member supported for movement between an open position and aclosed position relative to said exhaust port in response to movement ofsaid lever, the improvement comprising adjustable stop means forretaining said lever in an intermediate position to locate said valvemember in a partially open position for supplying a continuous partialflow rate of oxygen to said face mask during inhalation, said closuremember is carried by said actuating lever, and said closure member iseffective to move to said open position for opening said exhaust portwhen said lever is located in either of said intermediate or closedpositions to provide for substantially unrestricted exhalation throughsaid port during both inhalation and resuscitation.